This image shows a very large rounded mass filling the upper zone of the right lung
Whenever there is an abnormal area of shadowing (increased density/whiteness) in the lungs, the diagnosis of infection or cancer should be considered likely causes
It is frequently the clinical information which determines the diagnosis rather than the X-ray
The presence of a pleural effusion does not help to determine if an area of abnormal shadowing is due to infection or cancer as both can cause effusions
This X-ray shows an area of air-space shadowing (consolidation)
This appearance can be due to either infection or cancer - an X-ray cannot determine the difference
Further investigation with CT and bronchoscopy found a primary lung malignancy in this case
Note: Remember that the term ‘consolidation’ does not only refer to infection. The term ‘air-space shadowing’ or other similar descriptive terms are often used in radiology reports.